The City of Bristol's Backyard Vineyards: Grape-Treading Grapes in Urban Spaces
Every 20 minutes or so, an ageing diesel-powered train arrives at a spray-painted station. Close by, a police siren pierces the near-constant road noise. Commuters rush by collapsing, ivy-draped fencing panels as storm clouds form.
This is maybe the least likely spot you expect to find a perfectly formed grape-growing plot. However James Bayliss-Smith has managed to four dozen established plants heavy with plump purplish berries on a sprawling allotment sandwiched between a line of historic homes and a commuter railway just north of Bristol town centre.
"I've noticed people hiding illegal substances or whatever in those bushes," says the grower. "But you just get on with it ... and continue caring for your vines."
The cameraman, forty-six, a filmmaker who runs a kombucha drinks business, is among several urban winemaker. He has pulled together a informal group of growers who make vintage from four discreet city grape gardens nestled in back gardens and community plots throughout the city. It is too clandestine to have an official name so far, but the collective's messaging chat is named Vineyard Dreams.
Urban Wine Gardens Across the Globe
So far, Bayliss-Smith's allotment is the sole location registered in the Urban Vineyards Association's upcoming world atlas, which includes better-known urban wineries such as the 1,800 plants on the hillsides of Paris's renowned artistic district neighbourhood and more than 3,000 vines with views of and inside Turin. Based in Italy non-profit association is at the forefront of a movement re-establishing city vineyards in historic wine-producing countries, but has identified them throughout the world, including urban centers in Japan, Bangladesh and Central Asia.
"Vineyards assist cities remain greener and ecologically varied. These spaces preserve land from construction by creating long-term, productive farming plots within cities," explains the organization's leader.
Similar to other vintages, those produced in urban areas are a product of the soils the plants thrive in, the vagaries of the weather and the individuals who tend the grapes. "A bottle of wine represents the beauty, local spirit, environment and heritage of a city," adds the president.
Mystery Eastern European Variety
Returning to Bristol, the grower is in a urgent timeline to gather the grapevines he grew from a plant abandoned in his allotment by a Polish family. Should the rain comes, then the pigeons may seize their chance to feast again. "This is the enigmatic Eastern European grape," he says, as he removes damaged and rotten grapes from the shimmering clusters. "We don't really know what variety they are, but they are certainly disease-resistant. Unlike premium grapes – Burgundy grapes, Chardonnay and other famous French grapes – you need not spray them with pesticides ... this is possibly a unique cultivar that was developed by the Eastern Bloc."
Group Activities Across Bristol
Additional participants of the group are additionally taking advantage of sunny interludes between showers of fall precipitation. At a rooftop garden with views of Bristol's glistening harbour, where historic trading ships once bobbed with barrels of vintage from France and Spain, Katy Grant is collecting her rondo grapes from about 50 plants. "I love the aroma of these vines. It is so evocative," she says, stopping with a basket of fruit slung over her arm. "It's the scent of southern France when you roll down the vehicle windows on vacation."
Grant, fifty-two, who has spent over two decades working for charitable groups in conflict zones, unexpectedly took over the grape garden when she moved back to the UK from East Africa with her household in 2018. She felt an overwhelming duty to look after the vines in the yard of their recently acquired property. "This plot has already endured multiple proprietors," she says. "I really like the idea of natural stewardship – of handing this down to future caretakers so they can keep cultivating from this land."
Sloping Gardens and Traditional Winemaking
Nearby, the remaining cultivators of the group are busily laboring on the precipitous slopes of Avon Gorge. One filmmaker has established more than one hundred fifty plants perched on ledges in her expansive property, which descends towards the muddy River Avon. "People are always surprised," she notes, indicating the interwoven grape garden. "It's astonishing to them they are viewing grapevine lines in a city street."
Today, the filmmaker, 60, is harvesting bunches of deep violet dark berries from lines of plants arranged along the cliff-side with the help of her daughter, Luca. Scofield, a documentary producer who has contributed to streaming service's nature programming and BBC Two's gardening shows, was motivated to plant grapes after observing her neighbour's grapevines. She's discovered that hobbyists can make intriguing, pleasurable traditional vintage, which can command prices of more than £7 a glass in the increasing quantity of establishments focusing on low-processing vintages. "It's just deeply rewarding that you can truly make quality, natural wine," she says. "It's very on trend, but in reality it's reviving an old way of making wine."
"When I tread the fruit, the various natural microorganisms are released from the surfaces into the juice," says Scofield, partially submerged in a container of small branches, pips and red liquid. "This represents how wines were made traditionally, but industrial wineries add preservatives to kill the wild yeast and then add a lab-grown culture."
Difficult Environments and Creative Solutions
A few doors down active senior Bob Reeve, who motivated Scofield to plant her vines, has assembled his companions to harvest white wine varieties from the 100 plants he has laid out neatly across multiple levels. The former teacher, a Lancashire-born physical education instructor who worked at Bristol University cultivated an interest in wine on annual sporting trips to Europe. But it is a challenge to cultivate this particular variety in the humidity of the gorge, with temperature fluctuations moving through from the nearby estuary. "I aimed to make French-style vintages here, which is somewhat ambitious," says the retiree with amusement. "This variety is slow-maturing and very sensitive to fungal infections."
"My goal was creating Burgundian wines here, which is a bit bonkers"
The unpredictable local weather is not the sole problem encountered by winegrowers. The gardener has had to erect a barrier on